Ingabe Ukunciphisa i-PM2.5 Kunganciphisa Ukwanda Kwesifo i-Alzheimer's?

I-PM2.5 ibhekisela ezintweni ezincane emoyeni ozungezile ezinobubanzi obulingana ne-aerodynamic obungama-micrometer angu-2.5 noma ngaphansi, okwaziwa nangokuthi izinto ezincane ezincane. Ububanzi bayo bungaphansi kwe-1/20th yobukhulu bezinwele zomuntu, okuvumela lezi zinhlayiya ezincane ukuthi zihlale zilenga emoyeni isikhathi eside.

Imithombo ihlanganisa ukukhishwa okuqondile okuvela ekushisweni kwamalahle, ukukhishwa kwezimoto okuphehlwa ngophethiloli, uthuli lomgwaqo, uthuli lwezakhiwo, uthuli lwezimboni, umusi wasekhishini, ukushiswa kwemfucuza, kanye nokushiswa kotshani, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane zesibili ezakhiwa ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-sulfur dioxide, i-nitrogen oxides, kanye namakhemikhali e-organic aguquguqukayo emoyeni.

Isibonelo, emadolobheni, izimoto eziningi zikhipha ugesi oqukethe i-PM2.5; ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ngesikhathi sasebusika, ama-boiler asebenzisa amalahle okushisa okuphakathi nawo akhiqiza inani elikhulu le-PM2.5.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi, isikhathi eside sokuhlala emoyeni, kanye nebanga elide lokuhamba, i-PM2.5 inomthelela omkhulu empilweni yabantu kanye nekhwalithi yomoya. Ingahamba amabanga amade futhi ithinte izindawo ezinkulu.

Uma iphefumulelwe, i-PM2.5 ingena ngqo ku-bronchi, iphazamise ukushintshana kwegesi emaphashini, futhi ibangele izifo ezifana ne-asthma, i-bronchitis, nesifo senhliziyo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezincane zibeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni; i-PM2.5 ingangena ngisho nasegazini nge-bronchi kanye ne-alveoli, lapho amagesi ancibilikisiwe ayingozi kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo kubangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yabantu.

Ithimba locwaningo lichithe iminyaka eyi-18 lilandelela futhi lihlaziya amarekhodi ezempilo ezakhamuzi zase-US eziyizigidi ezingu-27.8 ezineminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu, liqhathanisa idatha yokungcola komoya wendawo ngekhodi yeposi ukuze lihlole ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-PM2.5 ne-Alzheimer's. Ngaphambilini, umphakathi wesayensi wawuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi ukungcola komoya kungase kwandise ingozi ngokungaqondile ngokubangela izinkinga ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukucindezeleka, kodwa lolu cwaningo olusha luguqula lowo mbono.

Idatha iphinde yembule okutholakele okubalulekile: iziguli ezinesifo sohlangothi zisengozini enkulu ye-Alzheimer's. Abacwaningi bachaze ukuthi isifo sohlangothi silimaza umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho, okwenza kube lula ukuthi izinhlayiya ze-PM2.5 noma abaxhumanisi bazo bokuvuvukala bangene ebuchosheni futhi bandise umonakalo wezinzwa. Izinto ezincane zingasheshisa izinguquko zokonakala kwezinzwa ngokulimaza ngqo izicubu zobuchopho, zibangele ukuvuvukala kwesistimu, futhi zikhuthaze ukuqongelela kwamaprotheni abangela izifo.

Nakuba lolu cwaningo lokubuka lungazange luqinisekise ngokugcwele ubudlelwano obubangela futhi aluzange lufake idatha yokuchayeka ekungcoleni okuvela ezindaweni zangaphakathi noma zomsebenzi, lunikeza isiqondiso esisha socwaningo lwe-Alzheimer's etiology. Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uSimone Reppermund wase-University of New South Wales siphawule ukuthi lolu cwaningo luqokomisa ukubaluleka kwezindawo zomphakathi ezinempilo zokuvimbela i-dementia, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abachitha isikhathi esiningi endaweni futhi ababhekene nezingozi eziphezulu zokwehla kwengqondo.

Okwamanje, alikho ikhambi lesifo i-Alzheimer's. Lolu cwaningo lunikeza umphakathi wezemfundo ukuqonda okubanzi ngezinto eziyingozi futhi lunikeza umbono omusha ngokuvimbela—ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya kungaba yindlela ebalulekile yokunciphisa ingozi ye-Alzheimer's.

Njengamanje, izinhlelo zomoya omusha zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe bokuhlunga be-PM2.5:
1. Ukuhlunga Okwenziwa Ngomshini: Ukusebenzisa izihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze kuvinjwe izinhlayiya emoyeni.
2. Ukuna kwe-Electrostatic: Ukusebenzisa ugesi oqinile osebenza ngamandla aphezulu ukumunca izinto ezincane ezingcolisa umoya.

Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi Bezindlela Zombili:
1. Izinzuzo Zokuhlunga Kwemishini:
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphansi, ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukuphepha okuphezulu, kanye nokugcinwa okulula (ukushintsha isihlungi okulula).
2. Okubi: Kudinga izindleko eziphindaphindayo zokushintsha isihlungi; ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kuphansi kancane kunobuchwepheshe be-electrostatic.

1. Izinzuzo ze-Electrostatic Precipitation: Umphumela wokuhlunga ophakeme kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi zesikhathi eside.
2. Okubi: Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu, ukusebenza okungazinzile, kukhiqiza inani elincane le-ozone, futhi kunezingozi ezithile zokuphepha (yize imikhiqizo ethembekile igcina amazinga e-ozone ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokuphepha).

Cha. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi i-PM2.5 yandisa ingozi ye-Alzheimer ngezindlela eziqondile, ngaphandle kwezinye izinkinga zempilo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukucindezeleka.

Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi kungalimaza isithiyo segazi nobuchopho, okuvumela izinhlayiya ezincane eziyingozi noma izinto ezivuvukalayo ukuthi zingene ebuchosheni kalula futhi zisheshise umonakalo wezinzwa.

Kuncike ekutheni yini eza kuqala kuwe. Izihlungi zemishini ziphephile futhi kulula ukuzinakekela kodwa zidinga ukuthenga izihlungi ezintsha. Izinhlelo ze-electrostatic zinokuhlungwa okungcono futhi zinciphisa izindleko eziphindaphindayo kodwa zingase zikhiqize i-trace ozone.